Notes
Introduction
Inequalities
1. "Women's Suffrage in the Progressive Era," Library of Congress, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentat ions /timeline/progress/suffrage/, paragraph 2
2. Eric Foner, Give me liberty! : an American history: volume 2: from 1865, 3rd ed, (New York W.W. Norton, 2012), ch. 15
3. "The Status of Women in the Progressive Era," National Women's History Museum, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://www.nwhm.org/onlineexhibits/progressiveera/statuswomen progressive.html, paragraph 2
4. National Women's History Museum, paragraph 2
5. "Introduction: Papers of the Women’s Trade Union League and Its Principal Leaders," Gale, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://microformguides.gale.com/Data/Introductions /30430FM.htm
6. Foner, ch.15
7. "Working Condition for Immigrants," Immigration, Accessed February 22, 2014, https://sites.google.com/site/immigration327/working-conditions-for-immigrants
8. "Uprising of 20,000 (1909)," Tony Michels, Jewish Women's Archive, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/uprising-of-20000-1909
9. "Eleanor Roosevelt and the National and World Woman’s Parties," Paula F. Pfeffer, Accessed February 22, 2014. http://harvey.binghamton.edu/~hist266/era/eleanor.htm
10. "The National Consumers League,” National Women's History Museum, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://www.nwhm.org/online-exhibits/progressiveera/consumerleague.html
11. "Muller V. Oregon," Legal Information Institute, Cornell University Law School, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/208/412
2. Eric Foner, Give me liberty! : an American history: volume 2: from 1865, 3rd ed, (New York W.W. Norton, 2012), ch. 15
3. "The Status of Women in the Progressive Era," National Women's History Museum, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://www.nwhm.org/onlineexhibits/progressiveera/statuswomen progressive.html, paragraph 2
4. National Women's History Museum, paragraph 2
5. "Introduction: Papers of the Women’s Trade Union League and Its Principal Leaders," Gale, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://microformguides.gale.com/Data/Introductions /30430FM.htm
6. Foner, ch.15
7. "Working Condition for Immigrants," Immigration, Accessed February 22, 2014, https://sites.google.com/site/immigration327/working-conditions-for-immigrants
8. "Uprising of 20,000 (1909)," Tony Michels, Jewish Women's Archive, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/uprising-of-20000-1909
9. "Eleanor Roosevelt and the National and World Woman’s Parties," Paula F. Pfeffer, Accessed February 22, 2014. http://harvey.binghamton.edu/~hist266/era/eleanor.htm
10. "The National Consumers League,” National Women's History Museum, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://www.nwhm.org/online-exhibits/progressiveera/consumerleague.html
11. "Muller V. Oregon," Legal Information Institute, Cornell University Law School, Accessed February 22, 2014, http://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/208/412
Immigration
1. Rita, Simon J, and Simon, Julian L. “The Jewish
Dimension among Recent Soviet Immigrants to the United States.” Jewish Social Studies 44.3/4(1982),
283-290.
2. Ibid 3
3.Forbes, Ethan, Suzanne Lauer, Kathleen Koonz, and Pam Sweeney. A Resource Guide for Teachers: Russian Jewish Immigration 1880-1920. 2009. Web. 10 February 2014 <www.fitchburgstate.edu/uploads/files/TeachingAmericanHistory/RussianJews.pdf>
4. Ibid 2
5.Friedman-Kasaba, Kathie. Memories of Migration: Gender, Ethnicity, and Work in the Lives of Jewish and Italian Women in New York, 1870-1924. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1996. Print
2. Ibid 3
3.Forbes, Ethan, Suzanne Lauer, Kathleen Koonz, and Pam Sweeney. A Resource Guide for Teachers: Russian Jewish Immigration 1880-1920. 2009. Web. 10 February 2014 <www.fitchburgstate.edu/uploads/files/TeachingAmericanHistory/RussianJews.pdf>
4. Ibid 2
5.Friedman-Kasaba, Kathie. Memories of Migration: Gender, Ethnicity, and Work in the Lives of Jewish and Italian Women in New York, 1870-1924. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1996. Print
Sweatshops
1. Eric Foner, Give me liberty! : an American history: volume 2: from 1865, 3rd ed, (New York W.W. Norton, 2012), .
2. Leon Stein, ed., Out of the Sweatshop; The Struggle for Industrial Democracy, (New York: Quadrangle/ New Times Book Company, 1977). http://www12.indep.k12.mo.us/curriculum/files/5113/4436/9509/Triangle_Shirtwaist_Document_Packet_AIHE.pdf
3. Daniel Soyer. "Garment Sweatshops, THEN AND NOW." New Labor Forum no. 4 (Spring, 1999): 35,(accessed February 16, 2014).http://search.proquest.com/docview/237234629?accountid=10351
4. Ibid
5. David Von Drehile, Triangle The Fire That Changed America (New York: Grove Press, 2003), 104.
2. Leon Stein, ed., Out of the Sweatshop; The Struggle for Industrial Democracy, (New York: Quadrangle/ New Times Book Company, 1977). http://www12.indep.k12.mo.us/curriculum/files/5113/4436/9509/Triangle_Shirtwaist_Document_Packet_AIHE.pdf
3. Daniel Soyer. "Garment Sweatshops, THEN AND NOW." New Labor Forum no. 4 (Spring, 1999): 35,(accessed February 16, 2014).http://search.proquest.com/docview/237234629?accountid=10351
4. Ibid
5. David Von Drehile, Triangle The Fire That Changed America (New York: Grove Press, 2003), 104.
6. Ibid, 1
7. Daniel E. Bender. Sweated Work, Weak Bodies: Anti-Sweatshop Campaigns and Languages of Labor. The Journal of American History , Vol. 93, No. 3 (Dec., 2006) , p. 898, (accessed February 17, 2014). http://www.jstor.org/stable/4486498
8. Mark Aldrich. "The Fireproof Building: Technology and Public Safety in the Nineteenth-Century American City." Business History Review 75, no. 1 (Spring, 2001): 202-204, http://search.proquest.com/docview/274421433?accountid=10351 (accessed February 19, 2014).
7. Daniel E. Bender. Sweated Work, Weak Bodies: Anti-Sweatshop Campaigns and Languages of Labor. The Journal of American History , Vol. 93, No. 3 (Dec., 2006) , p. 898, (accessed February 17, 2014). http://www.jstor.org/stable/4486498
8. Mark Aldrich. "The Fireproof Building: Technology and Public Safety in the Nineteenth-Century American City." Business History Review 75, no. 1 (Spring, 2001): 202-204, http://search.proquest.com/docview/274421433?accountid=10351 (accessed February 19, 2014).
The Fire
1. Von Drehle David. Triangle: The Fire that Changed America. (New York:Grove Press, 2003). 126.
2. "Sweatshop Tragedy Ignites Fight for Workplace Safety." American Postal Workers Union, AFL-CIO, accessed February 22. https://www.apwu.org/laborhistory/04-2_trianglefire/04-2_trianglefire.htm
3. Von Drehle 122.
4. Pinsky Robert. "About the Triangle Fire," accessed February 23. http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/m_r/pinsky/triangle.htm
5. Von Drehle 124.
6. Von Drehle 123.
7. "Sweatshop Tragedy Ignites Fight for Workplace Safety." American Postal Workers Union, AFL-CIO. Accessed February 22. https://www.apwu.org/laborhistory/04-2_trianglefire/04-2_trianglefire.htm
8. Von Drehle 122.
9. "The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire." Occupational Safety and Health Administration, accessed February 21. https://www.osha.gov/oas/trianglefactoryfire.html
10. Rosenberg Jennifer. "Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire," accessed February 23. http://history1900s.about.com/od/1910s/p/trianglefire.htm
11. "About the Fire," accessed February 23. http://www.dol.gov/shirtwaist/about.htm
12. Ibid
13. Friedman Walker Celia. "Leon Stein Interviews," accessed February 21. http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/trianglefire/primary/survivorInterviews/CeliaWalkerFriedman.html
14. Ibid
15. Von Drehle 123.
16. "The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire." Occupational Safety and Health Administration, accessed February 21. https://www.osha.gov/oas/trianglefactoryfire.html
17. Granick Joseph. Leon Stein Interviews," accessed February 21. http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/trianglefire/primary/survivorInterviews/JosephGranick.html
18. "The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire." Occupational Safety and Health Administration, accessed February 21. https://www.osha.gov/oas/trianglefactoryfire.html
19. Pinsky Robert. "About the Triangle Fire," accessed February 23. http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/m_r/pinsky/triangle.htm
20. Rosenberg Jennifer. "Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire," accessed February 23. http://history1900s.about.com/od/1910s/p/trianglefire.htm
2. "Sweatshop Tragedy Ignites Fight for Workplace Safety." American Postal Workers Union, AFL-CIO, accessed February 22. https://www.apwu.org/laborhistory/04-2_trianglefire/04-2_trianglefire.htm
3. Von Drehle 122.
4. Pinsky Robert. "About the Triangle Fire," accessed February 23. http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/m_r/pinsky/triangle.htm
5. Von Drehle 124.
6. Von Drehle 123.
7. "Sweatshop Tragedy Ignites Fight for Workplace Safety." American Postal Workers Union, AFL-CIO. Accessed February 22. https://www.apwu.org/laborhistory/04-2_trianglefire/04-2_trianglefire.htm
8. Von Drehle 122.
9. "The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire." Occupational Safety and Health Administration, accessed February 21. https://www.osha.gov/oas/trianglefactoryfire.html
10. Rosenberg Jennifer. "Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire," accessed February 23. http://history1900s.about.com/od/1910s/p/trianglefire.htm
11. "About the Fire," accessed February 23. http://www.dol.gov/shirtwaist/about.htm
12. Ibid
13. Friedman Walker Celia. "Leon Stein Interviews," accessed February 21. http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/trianglefire/primary/survivorInterviews/CeliaWalkerFriedman.html
14. Ibid
15. Von Drehle 123.
16. "The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire." Occupational Safety and Health Administration, accessed February 21. https://www.osha.gov/oas/trianglefactoryfire.html
17. Granick Joseph. Leon Stein Interviews," accessed February 21. http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/trianglefire/primary/survivorInterviews/JosephGranick.html
18. "The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire." Occupational Safety and Health Administration, accessed February 21. https://www.osha.gov/oas/trianglefactoryfire.html
19. Pinsky Robert. "About the Triangle Fire," accessed February 23. http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/m_r/pinsky/triangle.htm
20. Rosenberg Jennifer. "Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire," accessed February 23. http://history1900s.about.com/od/1910s/p/trianglefire.htm
Aftermath & Laws
1. Heather Pool, “The Politics of Mourning: The Triangle Fire and Political Belonging,” Polity 44 (2012): 182-211, accessed February 22, doi: 10.1057/pol.2011.23.
2. Ellen Wiley Todd, “Remembering the Unknowns,” American Art 23, no.3 (2009): 60-81, accessed February 22, doi: 10.1086/649776.
3. Todd, 60
4. Pool, 193
5. Pool, 194
6. Pool, 194
7. Robert and Marilyn Aitken, “The Triangle Fire: Tragedy, Trial, and Triumph,” Litigation 36 no.3 (2010): 53-56, accessed February 22, http://web.a.ebscohost.com.mcc1.library.csulb.edu/ehost/detail?sid=4dca200e-f6e5-4b09-8fb7-2299e4e3b516%40sessionmgr4001&vid=1&hid=4107&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=51894441.
8. Aitken, 55
9. David Von Drehile, Triangle The Fire That Changed America (New York: Grove Press, 2003), 215.
10. Judy Greenwald, “Triangle Shirtwaist Fire Brought Safety Changes: 1911 Tragedy Spurred Laws to Protect Workers,” Business Insurance 45 no.11 (2011): 1, accessed February 22, http://library.calstate.edu/longbeach/articles/record?id=FETCH-LOGICAL-g451-f77ce27c66ceb92bb6696981e7c1da5da74092311b405fa95d4900ed82a7360f1.
11. Aitken, 56
12. Aitken, 56
13. Aitken, 56
The Garment Industry Today
1. Bruce Watson, “100 Years After the Triangle Fire: Are Labor Rights Moving Backward?,” Daily Finance (March 26, 2011), accessed February 12, 2014, http://dailyfinance.com/2011/03/25/100-years-after-the-fire-are-labor-rights-moving-backw/.
2. Scott Malone and Joanna Ramey. “The Triangle Legacy: 90 Years After Fire, Sweatshops Persist,” Women’s Wear Daily (22 March 2001): 1, accessed February 12, 2014, http://search.proquest.com/docview/231240550?accountid=10351.
3. Ibid.
4. Steven Austin Stovall. “The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory: 100 Years Later,” Ambassador, Fall, 2011, accessed February 12, 2014, http://search.proquest.com/docview/929302418?accountid=1035.
5. Scott Malone and Joanna Ramey. “The Triangle Legacy: 90 Years After Fire, Sweatshops Persist,” Women’s Wear Daily (22 March 2001): 1, accessed February 12, 2014, http://search.proquest.com/docview/231240550?accountid=10351.
6. Hasanat Alamgir, Sharon P. Cooper, and George L. Delclos. “Garments Fire: History Repeats Itself,” American Journal of Industrial Medicine 56, no.9 (2013): 1113-1115.
7. Bruce Watson, “100 Years After the Triangle Fire: Are Labor Rights Moving Backward?,” Daily Finance (March 26, 2011), accessed February 12, 2014, http://dailyfinance.com/2011/03/25/100-years-after-the-fire-are-labor-rights-moving-backw/.
8. Scott Jungels. “Eighty Years After Triangle Fire, Safety Still Lags,” National Underwriter 97, no. 50 (December 13, 1993: 9, http://search.proquest.com/docview/228475182?accountid=10351.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid
11. Hasanat Alamgir, Sharon P. Cooper, and George L. Delclos. “Garments Fire: History Repeats Itself,” American Journal of Industrial Medicine 56, no.9 (2013): 1113-1115.
2. Scott Malone and Joanna Ramey. “The Triangle Legacy: 90 Years After Fire, Sweatshops Persist,” Women’s Wear Daily (22 March 2001): 1, accessed February 12, 2014, http://search.proquest.com/docview/231240550?accountid=10351.
3. Ibid.
4. Steven Austin Stovall. “The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory: 100 Years Later,” Ambassador, Fall, 2011, accessed February 12, 2014, http://search.proquest.com/docview/929302418?accountid=1035.
5. Scott Malone and Joanna Ramey. “The Triangle Legacy: 90 Years After Fire, Sweatshops Persist,” Women’s Wear Daily (22 March 2001): 1, accessed February 12, 2014, http://search.proquest.com/docview/231240550?accountid=10351.
6. Hasanat Alamgir, Sharon P. Cooper, and George L. Delclos. “Garments Fire: History Repeats Itself,” American Journal of Industrial Medicine 56, no.9 (2013): 1113-1115.
7. Bruce Watson, “100 Years After the Triangle Fire: Are Labor Rights Moving Backward?,” Daily Finance (March 26, 2011), accessed February 12, 2014, http://dailyfinance.com/2011/03/25/100-years-after-the-fire-are-labor-rights-moving-backw/.
8. Scott Jungels. “Eighty Years After Triangle Fire, Safety Still Lags,” National Underwriter 97, no. 50 (December 13, 1993: 9, http://search.proquest.com/docview/228475182?accountid=10351.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid
11. Hasanat Alamgir, Sharon P. Cooper, and George L. Delclos. “Garments Fire: History Repeats Itself,” American Journal of Industrial Medicine 56, no.9 (2013): 1113-1115.